energy Living things use and transformation of energy: laws of PHYSICS like diffusion GRADIENT: unstable! Rolling BALL demo Hoover. FIRE=respiration releases greenhouse; potential in cellulose.
ERRATA This is osprey, not eagle!
thermodynamics Ch04 Chloroplast MITOCHONDRION are where these take place. NOT a cycle! energy is lost ROLLER coaster: it FLOWS.
energy_flow SAY covalent bonds. Bring MOLYMOD glucose. Plants also respiration TRICK question: Plants/Sun cannot create energy.
ATP SAY currency is money. It's a NUCLEOTIDE Adenosine=nucleoside (sugar+base); disaccharide/triglyceride
chloroplast Phyll=leaf, chloro=green.
pigments BANANA and ORANGE. Carotenoids pass energy to chlorophyll
Chlorophyll(plastid) has Mg+ non-heme iron; heme (porphyrin w iron) in hemoglobin & myoglobin.
Jaundice: bilirubin obstruction of bile duct, liver disease, breakdown of RBC. A photosynthetic sea slug: an animal with chloroplasts
light Bring mm RULER nano BILLIONTH m. Blu-ray DVD: violet laser=405 nm, red=650 nm. 1cm=30 GHz.
wifi=125 mm, cellular 1000 mm. How microwave oven works: by disrupting hydrogen bonds
green Bring BLACK cloth; absorbs everything.
Xanthophyll=Carotenoid, Flavonoid(anthocyanin): sunscreen; pink in acid -> reddish-purple -> green
Lycopene is a Carotenoid=red TOMATO, Chard Betalain.
photosynthesis Note PROTON pumps, in etc. H2O released in Calvin ZIPLOC transpiration. Photosynthesis: light (photo) reactions
synthesis SAY stroma
respiration OXYGEN needed in mitochondria, plus ATP, NADH Carbohydrates and sugars in your food
cellular_respiration ERROR glycolysis pic leaves out 1 NADH also 1 ATP/glucose; 1 NADH/acetyl-coA
acetyl-coA needs oxygen: inhibit by arsenic
2 turns citric acid=2 ATP. Oxygen -> water is REVERSE of photosynthesis.
CYANIDE cytochrome c oxidase. O₂ reduced (gain E) to H₂O or superoxide radical.
3 PROTON PUMPS; see video. How do you STOP Dengue cycle? Play Dengue first, then Proton PUMP inhibitor!
Dengue Flavivirus: translate RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Proton pump inhibitors: active transport using ATP How cyanide disrupts ATP synthesis: by inhibiting the last proton pump in the ETC Dengue virus: proton pump lowers pH (University of Massachusetts Medical School) Dengue virus enters cell by endocytosis (HHMI)
fermentation ERRATA: End product is not just water, but ATP.
Biofuel from tofu waste by fermentation From milk to yogurt: by fermentation with bacteria What is cellulose and how is it used to make ethanol ? Fermentation! Biochemical conversion of biomass to biofuels by fermentation BACTERIA also ferment ethanol. Cellulosic husk, stalk, straw: cellulose + hemicellulose + lignin.
Any engine can run 10% ethanol, E-85 needs flex fuel engines. High fructose corn syrup; CRAMPS kimchi, sauerkraut, yogurt: probiotics.
Alcohol:
LacticAcid:
pathways Energy sources for prolonged exercise Muscle GLYCOGEN & trig used first, -> glucose -> fatty acids (fat breakdown)
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