Bio1100 Chapter 9 Chap 8   Genes and inheritance   Chap 10
  1. Gregor Mendel pioneered the study of inheritance of observable traits, which we now understand is based on genes  .







     
  2. Mendelian inheritance exhibits predictable expression of dominant   and recessive   traits.



     
  3. Many recessive traits are due to an abnormal protein   expressed by the recessive allele.



     
  4. A Punnett square can be used to calculate the ratio of genotypes   and phenotypes   of offspring based on probability  .



     
  5. A testcross   can be used to determine the genotype of a dominant   individual.

     
  6. Many traits exhibit non-Mendelian inheritance.
     
    • Incomplete   dominance results when alternative alleles are not fully dominant or fully recessive.



       
    • Human blood types exhibit codominance   due to antigen   proteins.





       
    • Some genes reside on the X   chromosome, and exhibit sex-linked inheritance patterns.