Enzymes
such as lactase help speed up chemical reactions.
- An
active site
on the protein's surface binds a particular substrate
such as lactose.
- The tight fit allows the enzyme
to break the covalent bond between the simple sugars.
- The products of the reaction are the 2 sugars, which are released.
Factors such as temperature and pH
can affect an enzyme's activity by altering its shape,
thus how well it binds the substrate to the active site.
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